Incidence of poverty & Inequality in Ghana
FACTS about GHANA * GHANA-NET.COM * Document
| Population share | Indices of poverty | Incidence of Poverty |
| Severity of Poverty |
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| 91/92 | 98/99 | 91/92 | 98/99 | 91/92 | 98/99 |
| | Accra | 8.2 | 8.8 | 23.1 | 3.8 | 1.7 | 0.2 |
| | Urban Coastal | 8.7 | 7.8 | 28.3 | 24.2 | 2.4 | 2.8 |
| | Urban Forest | 11 | 11.8 | 25.8 | 18.2 | 2.2 | 2 |
| | Urban Savannah | 5.3 | 4.8 | 37.8 | 43 | 6.9 | 4.2 |
| | Rural Coastal | 14.2 | 14.6 | 52.5 | 45.2 | 6.7 | 6 |
| | Rural Forest | 29.6 | 31.6 | 61.6 | 38 | 10.6 | 4.4 |
| | Rural Savannah | 23.1 | 20.6 | 73 | 70 | 10.1 | 17.8 |
| | All | 100 | 100 | 51.7 | 39.5 | 8.8 | 6.6 |
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| Incidence of poverty (2) |
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| Population share |
| Poverty Incidence |
| Contribution to national poverty |
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| 91/92 | 98/99 | 91/92 | 98/99 | 91/92 | 98/99 | Share of population(2000) | | National | 100 | 100 | 51.7 | 39.5 | 100 | 100 | 100 | | Northern region | 9.5 | 10.2 | 63.4 | 69.2 | 11.6 | 18 | 10.1 | | Upper West reg | 3.1 | 3.2 | 88.4 | 83.9 | 5.4 | 6.9 | 3.2 | | Upper-East Reg | 5.6 | 4.5 | 66.9 | 88.2 | 7.2 | 10.1 | 3.2 |
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| Reductions in poverty by geographic locality decomposed into intra-group and migration effects |
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| Contribution in reduction | Contribution to reduction in |
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| to head-count poverty | poverty severity |
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| | Intra-group Effects |
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| | Accra | 12.9 | 5.5 |
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| | Other Urban | 8.5 | 6.4 |
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| | Rural Coastal | 8.4 | 4.1 |
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| | Rural Forest | 57.2 | 86.3 |
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| | Rural Savannah | 5.7 | -18.2 |
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| | Total intra-group effects | 92.6 | 84.1 |
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| | Migration Effects | 3.2 | 7.9 |
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| | Residual | 4.2 | 7.9 |
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| Annualised rate of pro-poor growth |
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| % changes in welfare measure between 91/92 and 98/99 |
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| Pro-poor growth rate | Pro-poor growth rate |
| Growth rate |
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| at poverty line | at 20% percentile |
| at mean |
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| | Accra | 7.6 | 7.6 |
| 7.3 |
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| | Other Urban | 0.9 | 0.8 |
| 2.3 |
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| | Rural Coastal | 0.7 | 0.1 |
| 2 |
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| | Rural Forest | 5 | 4.6 |
| 4.8 |
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| | Rural Savannah | -0.6 | -0.1 |
| 1.2 |
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| 2.1 | 1.3 |
| 3.2 |
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| Changes in incidence of poverty 91/92 and 98/99 decomposed into growth and distribution effects |
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| | Locality | Total Change | Growth Effects |
| Redistribution Effects |
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| | Accra | -19.4 | -10.1 |
| -9.3 |
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| | Other Urban | -4.2 | -9.8 |
| 5.6 |
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| | Rural Coastal | -7.3 | -10.5 |
| 3.2 |
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| | Rural Forest | -23.7 | -22.5 |
| -1.2 |
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| | Rural Savannah | -3 | -4.5 |
| 1.5 |
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| | Ghana | -12 | -13.1 |
| 0.9 |
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| | By Economic Activity |
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| | Private Sec. Employment | -12 | -10.6 |
| -1.4 |
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| | Private Formal | -19 | 16.4 |
| -2.6 |
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| | Private Informal | -13.3 | -14.4 |
| 1 |
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| | Export farmers | -25.4 | -23 |
| -2.4 |
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| | Food crop farmers | -8.6 | -8.6 |
| 0 |
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| | Non-farm Self.empl | -9.8 | -11.6 |
| 1.9 |
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| | Non-working | 1.6 | -8.1 |
| 9.7 |
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| | Ghana | -12.3 | -13.1 |
| 0.9 |
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| Inequality by geographic locality |
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| 91/92 | 91/92 | 98/99 | 98/99 |
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| Pop. Share | Gini | Pop. Share | Gini |
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| | National | 100 | 37.3 | 100 | 36.8 |
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| | Accra | 8.2 | 36.4 | 8.8 | 26.9 |
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| | Urban Coastal | 8.7 | 30.7 | 7.8 | 35.6 |
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| | Urban Forest | 11 | 34.3 | 11.8 | 31.5 |
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| | Urban Savannah | 5.3 | 35.9 | 4.8 | 27.8 |
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| | Rural Coastal | 14.2 | 32.5 | 14.6 | 34 |
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| | Rural Forest | 29.6 | 34.2 | 31.6 | 29.9 |
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| | Rural savannah | 23.1 | 33.3 | 20.6 | 38.4 |
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| | Banking |
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| | 7 out of the 18 districts have no banks. The ratio of clients to banks in northern Ghana is 100,000:1 compared to a national |
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| | average of 16,000:1 |
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| | Sources: Coloumbe and McKay, 2004 | Thanks to Charles. Abugre
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